Quoted from: Gilhespy, Sarah L., Steven Anthony, Laura Cardenas, David Chadwick, Agustin del Prado, Changsheng Li, Thomas Misselbrook et al. "First 20 years of DNDC (DeNitrification DeComposition): model evolution." Ecological modelling 292 (2014): 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.09.004 

EFEM-DNDC is a GIS-coupled economic-ecosystem model, which simulates GHG emissions from typical livestock and crop production systems in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The model is a coupling of the Economic Farm, Emission Model (EFEM) (Angenendt, 2003) and the DNDC model. The EFEM model simulates farm emissions of CO2, CH4, N2O, and NH3 from fossil fuels, mineral fertilisers, additional feed, ruminant enteric fermentation, and manure management, and provides economic parameters, such as gross margin, shadow prices, and mitigation costs (Neufeldt et al., 2005).

Coupling the economic farm production model EFEM with DNDC allows for a realistic simulation of disaggregated soil, production system, and regional GHG emissions from agricultural systems. GHG mitigation measures applied at regional scale can be evaluated in terms of their environmental and economic credentials through the development of scenarios for the EFEM-DNDC model (Neufeldt et al., 2005).